The article examines the issue of protecting of insured persons from psychosocial risks in the system of social insurance against industrial accidents and occupational diseases. The ILO standards and European Union practice on this issue have been considered. The current legislation and law enforcement practice concerning the possibility of protecting the rights of insured persons from psychosocial risks in the system of social insurance against an industrial accident have been analyzed. It has been mentioned the need to include the term «psychosocial risk» to the national legislation developed under the ILO Conventiones and Recomendations, as well as the establishment of generally accepted psychosocial factors identified by the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA). The article concluded the need to increase the attention of the social partners in protecting employees from psychosocial risks and due attention of the commissions on investigation industrial accidents until a causal connection will be establishe between hazardous psychosocial risks and an industrial accident in the form of deterioration in health or death of the insured person.