The article is devoted to the study of the legal nature of the bank account agreement using the historical-legal approach. The issue of the legal nature of the bank account agreement is examined not only by identifying the signs of the relevant legal relationship, but also by identifying the criteria that form the current legal framework (the content criteria) of this agreement, based on the facts of the past. The article presents historical sources for disclosing the essence (legal nature) of the chosen object of research and the position of scientists with external manifestation in the form of a relevant discussion. It is stated that based on the subjective understanding of the legal nature of a bank account agreement, the science of civil law sometimes loses the content of the legal phenomenon, supporting a scientific dispute. It is not easy to return such lost content. We need to go through a rethinking process and take advantage of the integration of science. All this will raise the civil law to a very high level of social progress. Consequently, there will be modern legal structures (patterns in behavior) or institutions that will meet public demand.