Today the topic of this article is of immediate interest in view of the constitutional reform currently underway against the background of the crisis which has arisen in the political, economic and social sectors of Ukraine. Resolution of this issue may be significantly facilitated by the historical experience of constitutionalism accumulated in different historical times, and especially in the period of restoration of the Ukrainian Independent State in 1917–1921. The purpose of the article is, using the system of quantitative indicators, to make a comparative analysis of the draft Constitutions proposed by well-known Ukrainian legal scholars, Doctors of Law K. Levytskyi and S. Dnistrianskyi. The author studies the reasons entailing the adoption of the said drafts, which included the task of preparing an act of supreme legal force which was aimed at ensuring the legitimate restoration and functioning of the democratic and independent Ukrainian State. Both drafts were based on democratic principles which comprised the right to liberty and personal integrity, the right to respect for private and family life, the right to freedom of thought, conscience, religion, freedom of opinion and expression, freedom of assembly and association. The author shows that the draft by S.Dnistrianskyi had a 2.3 times greater volume of materials and clauses as compared with the draft by K. Levytskyi. Statistical calculations demonstrate a largely uneven distribution of the material within the drafts and its concentration in the initial part of the acts. As for the common features of substantive characteristics of the drafts, they are the presence of the institute of the presidency, a significant scope of powers granted to the Parliament and the possibility of accession of Ukraine’s other regions to the West Ukrainian People’s Republic. As can be seen from a review of the institutes present in these drafts, the institute of the presidency accounted for the main volume of material in the draft by K. Levytskyi, while in S.Dnistrianskyi’s draft it was the institute of parliamentarism. The draft by S.Dnistrianskyi provided for the establishment of the State Judicial Tribunal composed of six members and six judges or lawyers appointed in accordance with the proposal submitted by the Chairman of State Justice or the President of the Republic, while in the draft by K. Levytskyi there was no High Court and no institute of local self-government. S.Dnistrianskyi’s draft, in contrast to the act proposed by K. Levytskyi, provided for a wide participation of citizens in the administration of justice through the involvement of people’s assessors, jurors and magistrates. The research made by the author allowed determining the legal experience regarding the entrenchment in the new draft Constitution of Ukraine of the provision on preservation by rural people of their shares, the use of the Ukrainian language as the official language and the support of its preservation and development by the State, and also the delegation of a larger scope of powers to local authorities.

List of legal documents 
 

Legislation 
1. Vysnovok shchodo vidpovidnosti proektu vymoham antykoruptsiinoho zakonodavstva [Conclusion on the Compliance of the Project with the Requirements of the Anticorruption Legislation] vid 16 travnia 2018 r. URL: http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/ zweb2/webproc34?id=&pf3511=60724&pf35401=455004 (accessed: 01.06.2018) (in Ukrainian). 
2. Vysnovok shchodo vidpovidnosti proektu vymoham antykoruptsiinoho zakonodavstva [Conclusion on the Compliance of the Project with the Requirements of the Anticorruption Legislation] vid 16 travnia 2018 r. URL: http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/ zweb2/webproc34?id=&pf3511=60829&pf35401=454996 (accessed: 01.06.2018) (in Ukrainian). 
3. Zemelnyi kodeks Ukrainy [Land Code of Ukraine]: Zakon Ukrainy [the Law of Ukraine] vid 25 zhovtnia 2001 r. № 2768-III. URL: http://zakon5.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/2768-14 (accessed: 01.06.2018) (in Ukrainian). 
4. Podatkovyi kodeks Ukrainy [Tax Code of Ukraine]: Zakon Ukrainy [the Law of Ukraine] vid 2 hrudnia 2010 r. № 2755-VI. URL: http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/2755-17 (accessed: 01.06.2018) (in Ukrainian). 
5. Pro vnesennia zmin do deiakykh zakonodavchykh aktiv Ukrainy [On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine]: Zakon Ukrainy [the Law of Ukraine] vid 3 chervnia 2008 r № 309-VI. URL: http://zakon5.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/309-17 (accessed: 01.06.2018) (in Ukrainian). 
6. Pro vnesennia zmin do deiakykh zakonodavchykh aktiv Ukrainy [On Amendments to the Land Code of Ukraine]: Zakon Ukrainy [the Law of Ukraine] vid 3 chervnia 2008 r. № 3415-IV. URL: http://zakon5.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3415-15 (accessed: 01.06.2018) (in Ukrainian). 
7. Pro orendu zemli [On lease of land]: Zakon Ukrainy [the Law of Ukraine] vid 6 zhovtnia 1998 r. № 161-XIV. URL: http://zakon5.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/161-14/ print1525502251616658 (accessed: 01.06.2018) (in Ukrainian). 
8. Pro poriadok vydilennia v naturi (na mistsevosti) zemelnykh dilianok vlasnykam zemelnykh chastok (paiv) [On the Procedure of Land Plot Allocation in Kind (on Site) to Land Share (Interest) Owners]: Zakon Ukrainy [Law of Ukraine] vid 5 chervnia 2003 r. № 899-IV. URL: http://zakon5.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/899-15 (accessed: 01.06.2018) (in Ukrainian). 
9. Pro uhody shchodo vidchuzhennia zemelnoi chastky (paiu) [On Agreements about Land Share (Interest) Alienation]: Zakon Ukrainy [Law of Ukraine] vid 18 sichnia 2001 r. № 2242-III. URL: http://zakon3.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2242-14 (accessed: 01.06.2018) (in Ukrainian).

10. Proekt Zakonu pro obih zemel silskohospodarskoho pryznachennia [Draft Law on Agricultural Land Turnover] vid 13 grudnia 2016 r. № 5535. URL: http://w1.c1.rada. gov.ua/pls/zweb2/webproc4_1?pf3511=60724 (accessed: 01.06.2018) (in Ukrainian). 
11. Proekt Zakonu pro obih zemel silskohospodarskoho pryznachennia [Draft Law on Agricultural Land Turnover] vid 28 grudnia 2016 r. № 5535-1. URL: http://w1.c1.rada. gov.ua/pls/zweb2/webproc4_1?pf3511=60829 (accessed: 01.06.2018) (in Ukrainian). 
12. Protokol do Konventsii pro zakhyst prav liudyny i osnovopolozhnykh svobod [Protocol No. 1 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms] vid 20 bereznia 1952 r. URL: http://zakon3.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/994_535 (accessed: 01.06.2018) (in Ukrainian). 

Cases 
13. Bittó and others v. Slovakia: Court (Third Section) Judgment. Арр. 30255/09. 28.01.2014 accessed 1 June 2018 (in English). 
14. Broniowski v. Poland: Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment. App. № 1443/96. 22.06.2004 accessed 1 June 2018 (in English). 
15. Hutten-Czapska v. Poland: Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment App. № 35014/97. 
19.06.2006 accessed 1 June 2018 (in English). 
16. Zelenchuk and Tsytsyura v. Ukraine: Court (Fourth Section) Judgment. App. № 846/16, 1075/16. 22.05.2018 accessed 1 June 2018 (in English). 
17. Postanova Verkhovnoho Sudu Ukrainy [Resolution of the Supreme Court of Ukraine] vid 12 zhovtnia 2016 r. № 6-464цс16. URL: http://www.scourt.gov.ua/clients/vsu/vsu.ns f/7864c99c46598282c2257b4c0037c014/9e31f8b5c9ad7fcfc225805900445e50/$FILE/6- 464%D1%86%D1%8116.doc (accessed: 01.06.2018) (in Ukrainian). 
18. Ukhvala Konstytutsiinoho Sudu Ukrainy pro vidmovu u vidkrytti konstytutsiinoho provadzhennia u spravi za konstytutsiinym podanniam 55 narodnykh deputativ Ukrainy shchodo vidpovidnosti Konstytutsii Ukrainy (konstytutsiinosti) punktiv 14, 15 rozdilu X “Perekhidni polozhennia” Zemelnoho kodeksu Ukrainy [Ruling of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine Dismissing an Application for Constitutional Proceedings in the Case Following the Constitutional Petition of 55 People’s Deputies of Ukraine Concerning the Compliance with the Constitution of Ukraine (Constitutionality) of Clauses 14, 15 of Section X “Transitional Provisions” of the Land Code of Ukraine dated February 14, 2018 in Case № 2-1/2018] vid 14 liutoho 2018 r. № 2-1/2018. URL: http://www.ccu.gov. ua/sites/default/files/docs/4-u_2018.pdf (accessed 01.06.2018) (in Ukrainian). 
 

Bibliography 
 

Journal articles 
19. Koen-Eliya M i Porat I, ‘Amerikanskiy metod vzveshivaniya interesov i nemetkiy test na proportsional’nost’: istoricheskie korni’ [‘The American Method of Interest Weighing and the Fuzzy Test of Proportionality: Historical Roots’] (2011) 3 Sravnitel’noe konstitutsionnoe obozrenie 61 (in Russian). 
20. Miroshnychenko A, ‘Yevropeiskyi Sud z prav liudyny yak vazhil dlia zminy vitchyznianoho zemelnoho zakonodavstva’ [‘The European Court of Human Rights as a Trigger of Amendments to the National Land Legislation’] (2012) 2 Pravo ta upravlinnia 509 (in Ukrainian). 
21. Miroshnychenko A ta Yurchenko A, ‘Sotsialno-ekonomichni ta pravovi aspekty moratoriiu na vidchuzhennia pryvatnykh zemel silskohospodarskoho pryznachennia’ [Socio-Economic and Legal Aspects of the Moratorium on Private Agricultural Land Alienation] (2006) 12 Biuleten Ministerstva yustytsii Ukrainy 59 (in Ukrainian). 
22. Romaniuk Ya, ‘Vtruchannia v pravo vlasnosti z tochky zoru yoho vidpovidnosti statti 1 Pershoho protokolu do Konventsii pro zakhyst prav liudyny i osnovopolozhnykh svobod: kryterii Yevropeiskoho sudu z prav liudyny ta dosvid Ukrainy na okremykh prykladakh sudovoi praktyky’ [‘Interference with the Property Right in Terms of Its Compliance with Article 1 of Protocol No. 1 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms: Criteria of the European Court of Human Rights and Ukraine’s Experience through the Specific Examples of Case Law’] Pravo vlasnosti: yevropeiskyi dosvid ta ukrainski realii. Zbirnyk dopovidei i materialiv Mizhnarodnoi konferentsii 7 (in Ukrainian). 

Newspapers 
23. Rakhnianska T, ‘Sim sposobiv zakonno kupyty zemliu s/h pryznachennia’ [‘Seven Options to Buy Agricultural Land Legally’] (Yurydychna Hazeta) accessed 1 June 2018.