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As a consequence of information technologies development today, such information objects as personal data turn out to be the target of illegal encroachments increasingly often and, therefore, require legal protection, primarily under civil law, given its preventive and preclusion, rehabilitation and compensatory orientation. The purpose of the article is to determine the system of special remedies under civil law to protect the right to personal data. It is determined that the system of special remedies under civil law designated for the protection of the right to personal data includes: 1) submitting an application to the personal data holder and/or manager (non-jurisdictional form) containing a reasoned request (an objection to personal data processing; a request for change of personal data; a request for destruction of personal data; for cessation of any other violations of the personal data protection legislation; 2) submitting an appeal to the Commissioner of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine for Human Rights against the activities of the holder, manager, third parties with regard to personal data processing (a decision to postpone or deny access to personal data; a decision refusing to satisfy the reasoned request of the personal data subject containing an objection to personal data processing, and also a request for such data change and/or destruction; any other decision, action or omission which infringes upon the personal data protection legislation; 3) filing a lawsuit to court (with the aim of binding the personal data holder and/or manager to grant access to personal data; binding the personal data holder and/or manager to stop personal data processing, change personal data, destroy personal data; with the aim of using other remedies under civil law to protect own personal data from unlawful processing and accidental loss, destruction, damage due to deliberate concealment, failure to provide or late provision, as well as for protection against provision of information which is inaccurate or denigrate the honor, dignity or business reputation of an individual. |
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References
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List of legal documents
Legislation
1. Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation). URL: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legalcontent/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri =CELEX:32016R0679&from=ENм (accessed: 11.01.2019) (in English).
2. Kodeks Ukrainy pro administratyvni pravoporushennia [The Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offences]: Zakon Ukrainy [the Law of Ukraine] vid 7 hrudnia 1984 r. № 8073-X (accessed: 11.01.2019) (in Ukrainian).
3. Kodeks zakoniv pro pratsiu Ukrainy, zatverdzhenyi Zakonom [The Code of Labor Laws of Ukraine Approved by Law] vid 10 hrudnia 1971 r. № 322-VIII. http://zakon2.rada. gov.ua/laws/show/322-08> (accessed: 11.01.2019) (in Ukrainian).
4. Kryminalnyi kodeks Ukrainy [The Criminal Code of Ukraine]: Zakon Ukrainy [the Law of Ukraine] vid 5 kvitnia 2001 r. № 2341-III (accessed: 11.01.2019) (in Ukrainian).
5. Pro Derzhavnyi reiestr vybortsiv [On the State Register of Voters]: Zakon Ukrainy [the Law of Ukraine] vid 22 liutoho 2007 r. № 698-V (accessed: 11.01.2019) (in Ukrainian).
6. Pro Yedynyi derzhavnyi demohrafichnyi reiestr ta dokumenty, shcho pidtverdzhuiut hromadianstvo Ukrainy, posvidchuiut osobu chy yii spetsialnyi status [On the Unified State Demographic Register and the Documents Confirming Citizenship of Ukraine, Proving a Person’s Identity or Special Status]: Zakon Ukrainy [the Law of Ukraine] vid 20 lystopada 2012 r. № 5492-VI (accessed: 11.01.2019) (in Ukrainian).
7. Pro Yedynyi derzhavnyi reiestr viiskovozobov’iazanykh [On the Unified State Register of Persons Liable for Military Service]: Zakon Ukrainy [the Law of Ukraine] vid 16 bereznia 2017 r. № 1951-VIII (accessed: 11.01.2019) (in Ukrainian).
8. Pro zakhyst fizychnykh osib pry obrobtsi personalnykh danykh i pro vilne peremishchennia takykh danykh [On the Protection of Individuals with Regard to the Processing of Personal Data and on the Free Movement of Such Data]: Dyrektyva 95/46/IeS Yevropeiskoho Parlamentu i Rady [Directive 95/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council] vid 24 zhovtnia 1995 r.(accessed: 11.01.2019) (in Ukrainian).
9. Pro zakhyst personalnykh danykh [On Personal Data Protection]: Zakon Ukrainy [the Law of Ukraine] vid 1 chervnia 2010 r. № 2297-VI (accessed: 11.01.2019) (in Ukrainian).
10. Trudovyi kodeks Ukrainy [The Labor Code of Ukraine]: proekt [Draft] vid 27 hrudnia 2014 r. № 1658 (acces sed: 11.01.2019).
11. Tsyvilnyi kodeks Ukrainy [The Civil Code of Ukraine]: Zakon Ukrainy [the Law of Ukraine] vid 16 sichnia 2003 r. № 435-IV (accessed: 11.01.2019) (in Ukrainian).
Cases
12. Google Spain SL, Google Inc. v. Agencia Española de Protección de Datos (AEPD), Mario Costeja González, Case C-131/12 (accessed: 11.01.2019) (in English).
13. Postanova Verkhovnoho Sudu Ukrainy [Resolution of the Supreme Court of Ukraine] vid 27 veresnia 2017 r. u spravi № 369/5585/15-ц (accessed: 11.01.2019) (in Ukrainian).
14. Rishennia Apeliatsiinoho sudu Avtonomnoi Respubliky Krym [Award of the Court of Appeal of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea in the Case] u spravi vid 21 sichnia 2014 r. № 106/5771/13-ts (accessed: 11.01.2019) (in Ukrainian).
15. Rishennia Holosiivskoho raionnoho sudu m. Kyieva u spravi [Decision of Holosiivskyi District Court of Kyiv in the Case] vid 8 chervnia 2017 r. № 752/12262/15-ts (accessed: 11.01.2019) (in Ukrainian).
16. Rishennia Vyshchoho hospodarskoho sudu Ukrainy [Decision of the High Economic Court of Ukraine] vid 15 bereznia 2017 r. u spravi № 910/12950/16 (accessed: 11.01.2019) (in Ukrainian).
Bibliography
Authored books
17. Kokhanovska O, Teoretychni problemy informatsiinykh vidnosyn u tsyvilnomu pravi [Theoretical Issues of Information Relations in Civil Law] (Vydavnycho-polihrafichnyi tsentr “Kyivskyi universytet” 2006) (in Ukrainian).
18. Stefanchuk R, Osobysti nemainovi prava fizychnykh osib (poniattia, zmist, systema, osoblyvosti zdiisnennia ta zakhystu) [Personal Non-Property Rights of Individuals (the Concept, Content, System, Special Aspects of Exercise and Protection)] (KNT 2007) (in Ukrainian).
Journal articles
19. Petrytskyi A, ‘Aktualni problemy pravovoho zabezpechennia zakhystu personalnykh danykh v Ukraini’ [‘Topical Issues of Legal Framework for Personal Data Protection in Ukraine’] (2013) 6 Visnyk Mariupolskoho derzhavnoho universytetu. Seriia “Pravo” 118 (in Ukrainian).
20. Romaniuk I, ‘Tsyvilno-pravovi sposoby zakhystu prava osoby na vlasni personalni dani’ [‘Remedies under Civil Law to Protect An Individual’s Right to Own Personal Data’] [2014] 2(1) Naukovyi visnyk Khersonskoho derzhavnoho universytetu. Seriia “Iurydychni nauky” 210 (in Ukrainian).
Thesis
21. Dmytrenko O, ‘Pravo fizychnoi osoby na vlasni personalni dani v tsyvilnomu pravi Ukrainy’ [‘An Individual’s Right to Own Personal Data in Civil Law of Ukraine’] (dys kand yuryd nauk, 2010) (in Ukrainian).
22. Kodynets A, ‘Tsyvilno-pravove rehuliuvannia zobov’iazalnykh informatsiinykh vidnosyn: metodolohiia, teoriia, praktyka’ [‘Civil Law Regulation of Obligation-Based Information Relations: Methodology, Theory, Practice’] (dys d-ra yuryd nauk, Kyiv nats un-t im T Shevchenka) (in Ukrainian).
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