Annotation |
According to the approach established in the national legal doctrine, it is seen as appropriate to regard personal non-property rights of an individual in the domain of family relations originating from civil law as an individual’s separate (special) personal nonproperty rights, with the following system of such rights suggested: a) personal non-property rights which individuals acquire before creating a family and the rights associated with creating a family; b) personal non-property rights which individuals acquire while staying in the family; c) personal non-property rights which individuals acquire after termination (suspension) of family relations. In the private law doctrine, there is a settled viewpoint that family personal non-property rights should be governed by provisions of family law. The aim of this article is to review the main provisions relating to development of the doctrine of family personal non-property rights in the national private law doctrine. As the author has established, in the national legal doctrine family non-property rights have been given a thorough attention only in the second half of the twentieth century, with the rights and duties of parents and children being in the main focus. Personal rights and duties of parents included: 1) when a child is born, to choose the child’s first and second name, and to give the last name; 2) to raise, educate and communicate with the child; 3) to represent and protect the child’s interests. It is argued that depending on the parties to relations, the following rights may be singled out: family personal non-property rights of spouses; family personal non-property rights of mother, father and child; family personal non-property rights of an adoptive parent or other persons taking care of a child in the family, and of adopted children; family personal non-property rights of other family members and relatives. The author has established that after some personal non-property rights and obligations of spouses, in particular, the right to motherhood and the right to fatherhood, have beenconsolidated in separate Chapter 6 of the Family Code of Ukraine, legal scholars expressed sharp criticism in this respect. It is proved that the right to motherhood, the right to fatherhood, the right to respect for one’s individuality, the right to liberty and personal integrity are not purely family personal non-property rights of spouses. The author proposes to divide the child’s family personal non-property rights, depending on their purpose, into: 1) rights related to individualization of the child; 2) rights related to the child’s living in the family and the child’s upbringing; 3) the right to express his/ her opinion and to be heard on issues touching him/her personally, and also family issues; 4) the right to protection and representation of rights and interests. The national legal doctrine defines personal non-property rights of a child in case of adoption as the subjective rights of a child which arise at the initial stage of adoption and keep in force at all adoption stages, and which are aimed at meeting the interests of the child, primarily those associated with staying in a healthy family environment; by their content, personal non-property rights of other family members and relatives are divided into: a) personal non-property rights in the process of exercising the right to upbringing; b) personal non-property rights regarding mutual communication; c) personal non-property rights regarding protection. |
References |
List of legal documents
Legislation
1. Kodeks pro shliub ta simiu URSR [Marriage and Family Code USRS] vid 20 chervnia 1969 r. № 2006-7. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady URSR. 1969. № 26. St. 204 (in Ukrainian).
2. Pro vnesennia zmin do deyakykh zakonodavchykh aktiv Ukrainy shchodo poriadky vyizdu dytyny za mezhi Ukrainy [On Amending Some Legislative Acts of Ukraine Concerning the Procedure of a Child’s Departure Outside of Ukraine] proekt Zakonu Ukrainy [Draft Law of Ukraine] vid 23 chervnia 2017 r. № 6647 (accessed: 28.11.2018) (in Ukrainian).
3. Simeinyi kodeks Ukrainy [Family Code of Ukraine]: Zakon Ukrainy [the Law of Ukraine] vid 10 sichnia 2002 r. № 2947-ІІІ. Ofitsiinyi visnyk Ukrainy. 2002. № 7. St. 273 (in Ukrainian).
4. Tsyvilnyi kodeks Ukrainy [The Civil Code of Ukraine]: Zakon Ukrainy [the Law of Ukraine] vid 16 sichnia 2003 r. № 435-IV. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. 2003. № 40-44. St. 356 (in Ukrainian).
Bibliography
Authored books
5. Krasytska L, Problemy zdiisnennia ta zakhystu osobystykh ta mainovykh prav batkiv i ditey: monohraphia [Issues of Exercise and Protection of Personal and Property Rights of Parents and Children: Monograph] (Lira-К 2014) (in Ukrainian).
6. Kysil V, Prava i oboviazky batkiv i ditei [Rights and Obligations of Parents and Children] (T-vo “Znannia” URSR 1985) (in Ukrainian).
7. Matveev G, Sovetskoe semeinoe pravo: uchebnik [Soviet Family Law: Textbook] (Yuridicheskaya literatura 1985) (in Russian).
8. Zhilinkova I i Kuzmicheva L, Lichnye prava i obyazannosti roditeley i detey: uchebnoe posobie [Personal Rights and Obligations of Parents and Children: Training Manual] (UMK VO 1991) (in Russian).
9. Shevshenko Ya, Osnovy semeinogo zakonodatelstva [Fundamentals of Family Law] (Vyshcha Shkola 1982) (in Russian).
Edited books
10. Dzera O ta Kuznetsova N ta Luts V (red), Naukovo-praktychnyi komentar Tsyvilnoho kodeksu Ukrainy [Scientific and Practical Commentary of the Civil Code of Ukraine], t 1 (Yurinkom Inter 2011) (in Ukrainian).
11. Kuznietsova N (zah red), Pravova Doktryna Ukrainy [Legal Doctrine of Ukraine], t 3: Doktryna pryvatnoho prava Ukrainy [Private Law Doctrine of Ukraine] (Pravo 2013) (in Ukrainian).
Conference papers
12. Moskaliuk V, ‘Pravo na materynstvo (batkivstvo) za Simeinym kodeksom Ukrainy’ [‘The Right to Motherhood (Fatherhood) under the Family Code of Ukraine’] v Naukovi zasady ta praktyka zastosuvannia novoho Simeinoho kodeksu Ukrainy: materialy Kruhloho stolu [Scientific Foundations and Application Practice of the New Family Code of Ukraine: Materials of the Round Table] (Ksylon 2007) 124-9 (in Ukrainian).
13. Sevriukova I, ‘Deyaki problemy vyokremlennia osobystykh nemainovykh ta mainovykh prav dytyny v simeinomu zakonodavstvi Ukrainy’ [‘Some Issues of Singling Out Personal Non-Property and Property Rights of a Child in Family Legislation of Ukraine’] v Naukovi zasady ta praktyka zastosuvannia novoho Simeinoho kodeksu Ukrainy: materialy Kruhloho stolu [ Scientific Foundations and Application Practice of the New Family Code of Ukraine: Materials of the Round Table] (Ksylon 2007) 105-12 (in Ukrainian).
Thesis abstracts
14. Bodnar V, ‘Perevazhni prava v tsyvilnomu pravi Ukrainy’ [‘Pre-Emptive Rights in Civil Law of Ukraine’] (avtoref dys kand yuryd nauk, Kyivsk nats un-t im T Shevchenka 2013) (in Ukrainian).
15. Kalitenko O, ‘Osobysti vidnosyny podruzhzhia ta vidnosyny podruzhzhia stosovno ikh maina’ [‘Personal Relations of Spouses and Relations of Spouses with Regard to Their Property’] (avtoref dys kand yuryd nauk, Nats un-t vnutr sprav MVS Ukrainy 2001) (in Ukrainian).
16. Krat V, ‘Perevazhni prava: tsyvilno-pravovyi aspect’ [‘Pre-Emptive Rights: Civil-Law Aspect’] (avtoref dys kand yuryd nauk, Nats yuryd akad Ukrainy im Ya Mudroho 2008) (in Ukrainian).
17. Savchenko L, ‘Osobysti prava ta oboviazky batkiv i ditei za simeinym zakonodavstvom Ukrainy’ [‘Personal Rights and Obligations of Parents and Children According to Family Legislation of Ukraine’] (avtoref dys kand yuryd nauk, Kyivsk nats un-t im T Shevchenka 1997) (in Ukrainian).
18. Syniehubov O, ‘Zdiisnennia osobystykh nemainovych prav osib, shcho ne dosiahly povnolottia’ [‘Exercise of Personal Non-Property Rights of Under-Age Persons’] (avtoref dys d-ra yuryd nauk, Nats akad prokuratury Ukrainy 2015) (in Ukrainian).
Theses
19. Melnyk O, ‘Osobysti nemainovi prava dytyny pry usynovlenni za zakonodavstvom Ukrainy ta okremykh zarubizhnykh krain’ [‘Personal Non-Property Rights of a Child in Case of Adoption under Legislation of Ukraine and Some Foreign Countries’] (dys kand yuryd nauk, Nats un-t “Odeska yuryd akademuya” 2016) (in Ukrainian).
20. Olkhovyk L, ‘Osobysti nemainovi prava dytyny za tsyvilnym zakonodavstvom Ukrainy’ [‘Personal Non-Property Rights of a Child under Civil Legislation of Ukraine’] (dys kand yuryd nauk, Kharkivskyi nats un-t vnutr sprav 2006) (in Ukrainian).
21. Serdechna I, ‘Osobysti nemainovi prava i oboviazky inshykh chleniv simi na rodychiv’ [‘Personal Non-Property Rights and obligations of the other Members of Family and Relatives’] (dys kand yuryd nauk, Khmelnytskyi un-t upravlinnia ta prava 2017) (in Ukrainian).
22. Stephanchuk R, ‘Osobysti nemainovi prava fizychnykh osib u tsyvilnomu pravi Ukrainy’ [‘Personal Non-Property Rights and Obligations of Other Family Members and Relatives’] (dys d-ra yurydychnykh nauk, Instytut derzhavy i prava im V M Koretskoho NAN Ukrainy 2007) (in Ukrainian).
Newspaper articles
23. Zhilinkova I, ‘Lichnye neimyshchestvennye prava i obiazannosti suprugov: paradoksy novogo SK’ [‘Personal Non-Property Rights and Obligations of Spouses: the Paradoxes of the New Family Code’] Yuridicheskaya Praktika (15 iunia 2004) 24 (in Russian). |