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| Article title | The Concept of Multiculturalism through the Prism of the Problem of Ensuring the National Minorities’ Rights | ||
| Authors |
Ph.D. in Law, Associate Professor (Lviv, Ukraine) ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6636-1330 Researcher ID: http://www.researcherid.com/rid/E-4713-2016 pankevych9@gmail.com
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| Name of magazine | Legal journal «Law of Ukraine» (Ukrainian version) | ||
| Issue | 11/2019 | ||
| Сторінки | [128-143] | ||
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.33498/louu-2019-11-128 | ||
| Annotation | Today, the firmly-established understanding of the concept of “rule of the people” as absolute power within the State’s territory held by the people’ seems to require that due account be taken of the challenges ensuing from globalization and mass migration. Globalization, which contributes to the dilution of ethnic and cultural identity, generally does not destroy the ethnic factor and does not lead to complete unification of the sociocultural sphere. One of the promising options for ensuring intercultural dialogue, resolving legal contradictions and achieving mutual understanding under conditions of coexistence, sometimes forced, of persons with different ethno-cultural mentalities is the idea and the political and legal concept of multiculturalism. The purpose of the article is to make a philosophical and legal, and general theoretical analysis of the nature and types of multiculturalism through the prism of the problem of ensuring national minorities’ rights. An important practical point is the general focus of communitarianism on the protection of rights of ethnic, confessional and other minorities, which brings communitarianism closer to multiculturalism to a certain extent. At the same time, evolution of the position taken by a part of liberals, from rejection to approval of multiculturalism as the legal policy, results from the influence of the communitarian paradigm and is an obvious proof of the synthesis and convergence of both philosophical trends, and testifies to the emergence of a conceptually new modified “hybrid” of policy and law – liberal communitarianism. The author notes that by analogy with the “family of liberalisms” it is possible to speak of the “family of multiculturalism”, thus referring to the impossibility (and probably inexpediency) of creating the concept of multiculturalism which would be uniform for the entire global society. Both diachronically and geographically, social differences can be very significant. Multiculturalism as a political and legal concept and legal policy can be effective only in relation to a particular state in specific historical conditions. In this regard, selection of a particular model, or even a unique local variant of multiculturalism, is a crucially important issue. The concept of multiculturalism can not be used to describe empirical social reality in isolation from the normative approach. Differentiation between the descriptive/the normative in multiculturalism is an expression of the classical dichotomy of being/ should be which is one of the basic categorical pairs in the philosophy of law and morality. Schematically the analyzed category can be shown 1) as an idea (what is due, should be) and 2) as the embodiment of this idea (being). Therefore, there is the idea of “multiculturalism” and, accordingly, there is a social reality which to some extent is the embodiment of this idea in life. From this point of view, the descriptive approach should be considered only in the context of implementation of the normative approach, but in no way separately or even in conjunction with the latter. For its part, the need for the attention to the normative aspects of multiculturalism, to “legal multiculturalism”, necessitates |
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| Keywords | multiculturalism; minority rights; liberalism; communitarianism; liberal communitarianism | ||
| References |
Bibliography
Authored books 1. Gibbon J, The Canadian Mosaic. The Making of a Northern Nation (Published by McClelland & Stewart Limited 1938) (in English). 2. Glazer N, We Are All Multiculturalists Now (Harvard University Press 1997) (in English). 3. Drozhzhyna S, Kulturna polityka suchasnoi polikulturnoi Ukrainy: sotsialno-filosofskyi ta pravovyi aspekty [Cultural Policy of Modern Multicultural Ukraine: Socio-philosophical and Legal Aspects] (DonDUET 2005) (in Ukrainian). 4. Kymlicka W, Sovremennaja politicheskaja filosofija: vvedenie [Modern Political Philosophy: Introduction] (Izdatel’skij dom Gos Un-ta – Vysshej shkoly jekonomiki 2010) (in Russian). 5. Kymlicka W, Liberalizm i prava menshyn [Liberalism and the Rights of Minorities] (Tsentr osvitnikh initsiatyv 2001) (in Ukrainian). 6. Nazarov V, Teorija i praktika mul’tikul’turalizma v stranah Zapada: uchebnoe posobie [Theory and Practice of Multiculturalism in Western Countries] (Izd-vo Ural un-ta 2015) (in Russian).
Journal articles 7. Barash R, ‘Krizis mul’tikul’turalizma v zerkale sociologicheskoj teorii’ [‘The crisis of Multiculturalism in the Mirror of Sociological Theory’] [2016] 22(2) Sociologicheskij zhurnal 31-54 (in Russian). 8. Drozhzhyna S, ‘Multykulturalizm: teoretychni i praktychni aspekty’ [‘Multiculturalism: Theoretical and Practical Aspects’] [2008] 3(30) Politychnyi menedzhment 96-106 (in Ukrainian). 9. Kolodii A, ‘Amerykanska doktryna multykulturalizmu i etnonatsionalnyi rozvytok Ukrainy’ [‘American Doctrine of Multiculturalism and Ethno-national Development of Ukraine’] (2008) 6 Ahora 5-14 (in Ukrainian). 10. Pankevych O, ‘Liberalizm i komunitaryzm: do pytannia pro dvi paradyhmy suchasnoi polityko-pravovoi filosofii’ [‘Liberalism and Communitarianism: to the Issue of Two Paradigms of Modern Political and Legal Philosophy’] [2013] 3(4) Pravo i hromadianske suspilstvo 122-134 (in Ukrainian). 11. Pankevych O, ‘Liberalizm yak osnova yevropeiskoi polityko-pravovoi filosofii suchasnosti (do postanovky pytannia)’ [‘Liberalism as the Foundation of the European Political and Legal Philosophy of Modern Times (to the Issue Statement)’] (2014) 2 Naukovyi visnyk Lvivskoho derzhavnoho universytetu vnutrishnikh sprav Seriia yurydychna 449-459 (in Ukrainian). 12. Pankevych O, ‘Kolektyvni liudski prava: deiaki filosofsko-pravovi ta zahalnoteoretychni aspekty (do yuvileiu Zahalnoi deklaratsii prav liudyny)’ [‘Collective Human Rights: Some Philosophical and Legal Issues and General Theoretical Aspects (Until the Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights)’] (2018) 9 Pravo Ukrainy 124-139 (in Ukrainian). 13. Petryshyn O, ‘Narodovladdia yak fundament demokratychnoi, pravovoi, sotsialnoi derzhavy’ [‘Democracy as the Foundation of a Democratic, Legal, Social State’] (2009) 4 Visnyk Akademii pravovykh nauk Ukrainy 20-30 (in Ukrainian). 14. Terborn G, ‘Mul’tikul’turnye obshhestva’ [‘Multicultural Societies’] [2001] 1(1) Sociologicheskoe obozrenie 51(in Russian). 15. Vysotska N, ‘Kontseptsiia multykulturalizmu i pytannia estetyky’ [‘Concept of Multiculturalism and Aesthetics’] (2009) 77 Pytannia literaturoznavstva 110-121 (in Ukrainian).
Websites 16. Kukatas Ch, ‘Teoreticheskie osnovy mul’tikul’turalizma’ [‘Theoretical Foundations of Multiculturalism’] <https://polit.ru/author/209106/> (accessed: 03.07.2019) (in Russian). 17. Narochnickaja E, ‘Mul’tikul’turalizm kak filosofsko-politicheskaja koncepcija’ [‘Multiculturalism as a Philosophical-political Concept’] <http://www.perspektivy. info/book/multikulturalizm_kak_filosofsko-politicheskaja_koncepcija_2013-12-12.htm> (accessed: 02.07.2019) (in Russian).
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