State registration is important for acquisition of real estate and protection of property rights to the latter. Provisions of Ukrainian legislation on state registration property rights are based on the principle of introduction and thus support title negative system. Therefore, property right to real estate shall be acquired once it is registered in a certain legal order. Correct functioning of state registration of property rights to real estate is important not only for private, but for public relationships as well. Since acquisition of real estate (acquisition of property rights to it) is divided in stages, every juridical act and fact in this process should be paid due attention. When the real estate is acquired upon a contract, the contract itself is not crucial for the acquisition of the rights – only state registration of the acquired rights is a sufficient juridical act establishing the acquirer’s right, which, however, does not downplay the role of the contract in the process of acquisition.

The aim of this article is to determine the moment of acquisition of property rights to real estate considering the moment of its state registration.

In Ukraine, it has long been necessary to define the importance of state registration in general and for the acquisition of property rights in particular. It is necessary to advance consistently in the same way as all countries in which the state registration of rights is established, which, in contrast to the state registration of transactions, is not a recording, but a right-establishing nature. The interpretation of the law, including by the highest judicial bodies in dispute resolution, should be correlated with the system of state registration of rights, to which Ukraine has joined, and proceed from the essence and the idea of state registration, which is as follows: all real estate rights must be registered; the information from the state register must be reliable, which is of great importance for civil turnover.

Disputes over the right to real estate should be resolved in each case, based on the principles of legitimacy, good faith, and reasonableness, rather than establishing by the court a rule on the meaning of the state registration and its importance for the acquisition (moment) of ownership.

Bibliography

Authored books

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2. Spasybo I, Nabuttja prava vlasnosti (Naukovo-doslidnyj instytut pryvatnogho prava ta pidpryjemnyctva 2009) (in Ukrainian).

 Edited books

3. Ilyasova K, ‘Pravovoe znachenie gosudarstvennoy registratsii prav’ v Didenko A (red), Grazhdanskoe zakonodatelstvo. Stati. Kommentarii. Praktika (Advokatskaya kontora McGreen&partners 2020) 60–123 (in Russian).

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5. Spasybo-Fatjejeva I, ‘Registratsiya, ee znachenie i posledstviya (obzornyy analiz ukrainskogo zakonodatelstva)’ v Rozhkova M (red), Decyatyy sbornik Problemy registratsii prav, fiksatsii i udostovereniya yuridicheskikh faktov grazhdanskogo prava. Sbornik statey (Statut 2013) 152–65 (in Russian).

Journal articles

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10. Kulynych P, ‘Derzhavna rejestracija prav na zemeljnu nerukhomistj ta zemeljnyj kadastr: ponjattja, spivvidnoshennja ta pravovi zasady’ [2005] 11 (41) Jurydychnyj zhurnal 35–42 (in Ukrainian).

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12. Majka N, ‘Rejestracija rechovykh prav na chuzhu nerukhomistj jak jurydychnyj fakt’ (2017) 4 Jurydychnyj naukovyj elektronnyj zhurnal 43–5 (in Ukrainian).

13. Martynjuk O, ‘Problemy derzhavnoji rejestraciji prav na nerukhome majno’ (2014) 3Chasopys Kyjivsjkogho universytetu prava 175–7 (in Ukrainian).

14. Spasybo-Fatjejeva I, ‘Derzhavna rejestracija prav na nerukhomistj’ (2010) 4 MEN 109–14 (in Ukrainian).

15. Spasybo-Fatjejeva I, ‘Notarialjne posvidchennja pravochyniv iz nerukhomistju ta jikh derzhavna rejestracija jak sposoby “ukriplennja” prav’ (2006) 12 Notariat dlja vas 34–9 (in Ukrainian).

16. Spasybo-Fatjejeva I, ‘Problematyka derzhavnoji rejestraciji prava vlasnosti ta nabuttja majna dobrosovisnym nabuvachem’ (2007) 4 Notariat dlja vas 37–42 (in Ukrainian).

17. Spasybo-Fatjejeva I, ‘Znachennja derzhavnoji rejestraciji dlja cyviljnykh pravovidnosyn’ (2012) 4 Visnyk NAPrNU 159–71 (in Ukrainian).

18. Tamarja Ja, ‘Zarubizhnyj dosvid derzhavnoji rejestraciji rechovykh prav na nerukhome majno’ (2016) 12 Nacionaljnyj jurydychnyj zhurnal 66–9 (in Ukrainian).

Theses

19. Majka N, ‘Nabuttja rechovykh prav na chuzhe nerukhome majno v cyviljnomu pravi Ukrajiny’ (avtoref dys kand juryd nauk, 2018) (in Ukrainian).

20. Spjesivcev D, ‘Jurydychni fakty u mekhanizmakh vynyknennja, perekhodu ta prypynennja rechovykh prav na nerukhomistj v Ukrajini’ (avtoref dys kand juryd nauk, 2017) (in Ukrainian).

Websites

21. Kysilj V, ‘Pravo nerukhomosti: karkolomni sudovi rishennja 2018 roku, chastyna 2’ (LIGA 360 Biznes, 21.01.2019) <https://biz.ligazakon.net/news/183491_pravonerukhomostkarkolomn-sudov-rshennya-2018-roku-chastina-2> (accessed: 07.12.2020) (in Ukrainian).