For about a quarter of a century, artificial intelligence (AI) has moved from the pages of science fiction to the technologies we encounter in everyday life (e-mail filters, search engine algorithms, targeted advertising, audio and video content recommendations based on preferences, chatbots, electronic banking, etc.). Today, the relationship on use of AI, due to its significant spread, has acquired signs of stability and homogeneity, which allows and at the same time creates the need for their legal regulation, including under civil law.

The purpose of the article is to determine the main approaches to the regulation of AI relations in different countries using a comparative legal method.

Based on the study of legal regulation of relations on AI in foreign countries, we can identify several main approaches to such regulation: state strategies (concepts, programs) for the development of artificial intelligence; principles of creation and use of AI; special law on the regulation of relations concerning AI; subject (sectoral or sectoral) regulation of relations regarding AI; recommendation norms containing instructions for the subjects of relations concerning AI.

The list of approaches to the legal regulation of AI is not exhaustive, moreover, these approaches do not contradict each other, but rather reflect a certain stage of development of legal regulation of AI. These country-specific approaches can be applied simultaneously or sequentially, all together or separately. In addition to the national level, today there is an active development of legal regulation of relations on AI at the international level, which should become a new subject of study.

Bibliography

Authored books

1. Dutton T, Barron B, Boskovic G, Building an AI World: Report on National and Regional AI Strategies (CIFAR 2018) <https://cifar.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/ buildinganaiworld_eng.pdf> (accessed: 09.10.2021) (in English).

2. Kung J, Boskovic G, Stix Ch, Building an AI World: Report on National and Regional AI Strategies (second ed, CIFAR 2020) <https://cifar.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/ building-an-ai-world-second-edition.pdf> (accessed: 09.10.2021) (in English).

3. Van Roy V, Rossetti F, Perset K, Galindo-Romero L, AI Watch – National strategies on Artificial Intelligence: A European Perspective (Publications Office of the European Union 2021) (in English).

Journal articles

4. Neznamov A, Naumov V, ‘Strategija regulirovanija robototehniki i kiberfizicheskih sistem’ (2018) 2 Zakon 69–89 (in Rassian).