The COVID-19 pandemic has suddenly changed the usual world order: from global and large-scale restriction (segmentation) of human rights and freedoms to increasing discrimination, segregation, intolerance and censorship of opinions and expressions, vaccine nationalism. By slowing down migration and suspending the freedom of movement of persons, there was a “clash” between the protection of universal human rights and national security, ethics, morality, and consumerism. This virus does not have a passport, neither it has a nationality. Constitutional and ideological values, democracy, the rule of law need significant rethinking under the influence of the spread of COVID-19 in Europe and the world.

Vaccine nationalism is what we observe in present days globally. Governments of wealthy and happy countries worldwide prioritize vaccine production and distribution by signing bilateral agreements with pharmaceutical companies and breaching competition rules (abuse of dominant position, prevent access to vaccine market, selective and exclusive production and distribution). In some countries, vaccination is permitted only to citizens, not considering vulnerable population groups who are residents of this country. Vaccine nationalism does not involve cohesion and cooperation to overcome the COVID-19 pandemic but rather diversification from the global to the local level. A complete reset of the ideological core of constitutional values in the context of the triad of relations “personstatesociety” is urgently needed.

The introduction of the EU COVID-19 certificate is designed to revitalize the freedom of movement of persons, restore the business and economy of EU member states, reduce unemployment, and prevent discrimination and segregation of people, segmentation of human rights.

This article aims to justify the introduction of the EU COVID-19 certificate as a result of overcoming vaccine nationalism through solidarity and cooperation, as well as a compromise between EU authorities and national governments of EU member states to uphold constitutional values, ensure national security, guarantee human rights and restore freedom of movement of persons.

Few issues like universal human rights, citizenship, passport issuance, vaccine nationalism are research items for C. Benoit, J. McBride, J. Dzankic, L. Piccoli, D. Ruedin, S. Rainsy, P. Spiro, J. Torpey. In Ukraine, deep research on such issues is not well-done, incomplete, and sporadic. Recent ECtHR judgments in Feilazoo v. Malta (2021) and communications with state governments in Spînu v. Romania (no. 29443/20), Magdić v. Croatia (no. 17578/20) are beneficial in the context of significant restrictions on human rights.

Bibliography

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Edited books

2. Blackstone’s EU Treaties and Legislation 2009–2010 (Foster N ed, Oxford University Press 2009) 632–3 (in English).

Journal articles

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Websites

17. ‘Belgian Court orders AstraZeneca to deliver vaccine doses to the EU’ (18.06.2021) <https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_21_3090> (accessed: 15.05.2021) (in English).

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22. ‘EU Digital COVID Certificate’ (17.07.2021) <https://ec.europa.eu/info/live-worktraveleu/coronavirus-response/safe-covid-19-vaccines-europeans/eu-digital-covidcertificate_ en> (accessed: 15.05.2021) (in English).