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| Article title | Doctrinal Approaches to Forensic Science in Ukraine | ||
| Authors |
Doctor of Law, Professor, Honored Lawyer of Ukraine, Director of the National Scientific Center «Hon. Prof. M. S. Bokarius Forensic Science Institute» (Kharkiv, Ukraine) ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8722-4781 hniise@hniise.gov.ua
Doctor of Law, Professor, Honored Worker of Science and Technology, Deputy Director for Research National Scientific Center «Hon. Prof. M. S. Bokarius Forensic Science Institute» (Kharkiv, Ukraine) ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8246-7688 simakova@hniise.gov.ua
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| Name of magazine | Legal journal «Law of Ukraine» (Ukrainian version) | ||
| Issue | 8/2021 | ||
| Сторінки | [28-43] | ||
| Annotation | For a detailed consideration of doctrinal approaches to forensic science in Ukraine, it is required to study the main provisions of the concept of its development, which are closely interrelated. The Article Purpose is to study doctrinal approaches to forensic science in Ukraine. The article interprets the concepts of doctrine and concept and emphasizes their strong connection. The construction of any theory, idea, doctrine, concept is not possible without the creation of their main components, which are defined by the authors: these are general provisions; conceptual and categorical apparatus; theoretical and methodological foundations; principles, patterns of functioning and development of the studied processes (phenomena), assessment of the current state of research on problems and prospects of development; implementation of theoretical provisions in practice through reforms. The relationship between reforming the system of forensic science in the state and judicial-legal reform is emphasized. It is stressed that the reform of the forensic science system should be comprehensive and presuppose amendment of the basic legislation on forensic expert support of justice and related institutions and the improvement of procedural legislation. The basis for reforming forensic science in Ukraine should be international, best practices of democratic states, analysis of domestic experience in the formation and development of forensic science, as well as already developed proposals on these issues. It is determined that the implementation of doctrinal approaches to solving problems of forensic science is, first of all, improvement of the legal status of the state forensic expert; preservation and development of the system of independent state specialized forensic science institutions, improvement and intensification of the system of advanced training of employees of state forensic science institutions; development of international cooperation in the field of forensic activity; strengthening material and technical basis; opening branches at forensic science institutions in each region of Ukraine; enhancement of cooperation with public organizations of forensic experts and criminalists; further enhancement of accreditation processes at forensic science institutions for compliance with international standards; expansion of types of expert services; intensification of work at the state level to consolidate the efforts of the forensic science institutions of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine with corresponding state executive authorities to find opportunities to increase the amount of taxes received by the state budget of Ukraine and identify corruption schemes of tax evasion and other offenses.
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| Keywords | doctrinal approach; forensic science; forensic activity; concept; principles; science | ||
| References |
Bibliography
Authored books 1. Maras M-H, Computer Forensic: Cybercriminals, Laws, and Evidence (2-ed, Jones & Bartlet Learning 2014) (in English). 2. Belkin R, Sobiranie, issledovanie i ocenka dokazatel’stv: Sushhnost’ i metody (Nauka 1966) (in Russian). 3. Belkin R, Vinberg A, Kriminalistika i dokazyvanie (Metodologicheskie problemy) (Juridicheskaja literatura 1969) (in Russian). 4. Pilkov K, Teoriia i praktyka dokazuvannia u mizhnarodnomu komertsiinomu arbitrazhi (Osvita Ukrainy 2016) (in Ukrainian). 5. Rossinskaja E, Usov A, Sudebnaja komp’juterno-tehnicheskaja jekspertiza (Pravo i zakon 2001) (in Russian). 6. Shepitko M, Kryminalna polityka u sferi zabezpechennia diialnosti orhaniv pravosuddia (Apostil 2021) (in Ukrainian). 7. Shepitko V, Kryminalistyka: slovnyk terminiv (In Yure 2004) (in Ukrainian). 8. Shepitko V, Shepitko M, Kryminalne pravo, kryminalistyka ta sudovi nauky: entsyklopediia (Pravo 2021) (in Ukrainian).
Edited books 9. Metenko J, Samek M, Metenkova M, ‘New view the criminalistic documentation and its use’ v Criminalistics and forensic expertology: science, studies, practice, book II (Kaunas 2019) (in English). 10. Ukrainian Legal Doctrine in Five Volumes. Edited by V. Tatsyi. Volume Five (Part Two): Judicial Law, and Forensic Legal Sciences (Tatsyi V, Borysov V ed, Wildy, Simmonds and Hill Publishing 2018) (in English). 11. Jenciklopedija kriminalistiki v licah (Shepit’ko V red, Apostil’ 2014) (in Russian). 12. Kafedra kryminalistyky: istoriia stanovlennia ta rozvytku. Do 80-richchia zasnuvannia (Shepitko V red, Pravo 2020) (in Ukrainian). 13. Kiberprestupnost’. Vvedenie v cifrovuju kriminalistiku. Modul’ 4 (Vena: OON 2019) (in Ukrainian). 14. Malevski G, ‘V poiskah sobstvennoj modeli obuchenija – metamorfozy kriminalisticheskoj didaktiki v Litve’ v Modeli prepodavanija kriminalistiki: istorija i sovremennost’: sbornik nauchyh trudov (Jablokov N, Shepit’ko V red, Apostil’ 2014) (in Russian). 15. Pravova doktryna Ukrainy, t 5: Kryminalno-pravovi nauky v Ukraini: stan, problemy ta shliakhy rozvytku (Tatsii V, Borysov V zah red, Pravo 2013) (in Ukrainian). 16. Pravova systema Ukrainy: istoriia, stan ta perspektyvy, t 5: Kryminalno-pravovi nauky. Aktualni problemy borotby zi zlochynnistiu v Ukraini (Stashys V zah red, Pravo 2008) (in Ukrainian). 17. Shepitko V (red), Kryminalistyka: pidruchnyk, t 1 (Pravo 2019) (in Ukrainian). 18. Shepitko V, ‘Suchasnyi stan kryminalistyky v Ukraini ta problemy kryminalistychnoi dydaktyky’ v Sriminalistic and Forensic Expertology: Science, Studies, Practice (Vilnius 2020) (in Ukrainian). 19. Shepitko V, Kryminalistyka: entsyklopedychnyi slovnyk (ukrainsko-rosiiskyi i rosiiskoukrainskyi) (Tatsii V red, Pravo 2001) (in Ukrainian). 20. Slovar’ special’nyh terminov sudebnoj jekspertizy, ch 1 (Mihajlenko G i dr avt-sost, Rubis A red, Tesej 2007) (in Russian). 21. Velyka ukrainska yurydychna entsyklopediia, t 20: Kryminalistyka, sudova ekspertyza, yurydychna psykholohiia (Shepitko V holova redkol, Pravo 2018) (in Ukrainian). 22. Vykorystannia elektronnykh (tsyfrovykh) dokaziv u kryminalnomu provadzhenni: metoduchni rekomendatsii (Korneiko O red, vyd 2-he, dop, Vyd-vo Nats akad vnutr sprav 2020) (in Ukrainian). 23. Zhuravel V, Shepitko V, ‘Rozvytok kryminalistyky ta sudovoi ekspertyzy v Ukraini: nablyzhennia do yedynoho yevropeiskoho prostoru’ v Pravova nauka Ukrainy: suchasnyi stan, vyklyky ta perspektyvy rozvytku (Petryshyn O holova redkol, Pravo 2021) (in Ukrainian).
Journal articles 24. Beznosiuk A, ‘Dovedenist poza rozumnym sumnivom ta dostovirnist yak standarty dokazuvannia u kryminalnomu protsesi Ukrainy’ [2014] 3 (36) Sudova apeliatsiia 23–8 (in Ukrainian). 25. Hrytsiv O, ‘Kryminalistyka v komp’iuternykh systemakh: protsesy, hotovi rishennia’ (2013) 774 Visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu “lvivska politekhnika”. Avtomatyka, vymiriuvannia ta keruvannia 120–6 (in Ukrainian). 26. Khakhanovskyi V, Hutsaliuk M, ‘Osoblyvosti vykorystannia elektronnykh (tsyfrovykh) dokaziv u kryminalnykh provadzhenniakh’ [2019] 1 (31) Kryminalistychnyi visnyk 14 (in Ukrainian). 27. Kret H, ‘Implementatsiia standartu dokazuvannia “poza rozumnym sumnivom” u kryminalne protsesualne zakonodavstvo Ukrainy i praktyku natsionalnykh sudiv’ (2019) 2 Pravo i suspilstvo 215–20 (in Ukrainian). 28. Kret H, ‘Systema standartiv dokazuvannia u kryminalnomu protsesi Ukrainy’ (2019) 19 Visnyk Pivdennoho rehionalnoho tsentru Natsionalnoi akademii pravovykh nauk Ukrainy 132–9 (in Ukrainian). 29. Maksymenko N, ‘Teoretyko-pravovyi analiz katehorii standart dokazuvannia yak odnoho zi skladnykiv zabezpechennia prava na spravedlyvyi sud’ (2020) 4 Yurydychnyi naukovyi elektronnyi zhurnal 174 (in Ukrainian). 30. Shepit’ko V, ‘Kriminalistika v sisteme juridicheskih nauk i ee rol’ v global’nom mire’ [2014] V (I) Criminalistics and Forensic Examination: Science, Studies, Practice 149 (in Russian). 31. Stepanenko A, ‘Teoriia ta praktyka zastosuvannia standartu dokazuvannia “poza rozumnym sumnivom” Yevropeiskym sudom z prav liudyny’ (2015) 4 Visnyk kryminalnoho sudochynstva 184–91 (in Ukrainian). 32. Tolochko O, ‘Kryterii vyznachennia standartu dokazuvannia vyny poza rozumnym sumnivom u kryminalnomu provadzhenni’ [2015] 4 (42) Visnyk Natsionalnoi akademii prokuratury Ukrainy 8 (in Ukrainian). 33. Tsekhan D, ‘Tsyfrovi dokazy: poniattia, osoblyvosti ta mistse u systemi dokazuvannia’ (2013) 5 Naukovyi visnyk Mizhnarodnoho humanitarnoho universytetu. Ser.: Yurysprudentsiia 257 (in Ukrainian).
Theses 34. Stepanenko A, ‘Standart dokazuvannia “poza rozumnym sumnivom” u kryminalnomu provadzhenni’ (avtoref dys kand yuryd nauk, 2017) (in Ukrainian).
Conference papers 35. Shepitko V, ‘Innovatsii v kryminalistytsi yak viddzerkalennia rozvytku nauky’ v Innovatsiini metody ta tsyfrovi tekhnolohii v kryminalistytsi, sudovii ekspertyzi ta yurydychnii praktytsi: mater. mizhnar. kruhloho stolu (Pravo 2019) (in Ukrainian). 36. Shepitko V, ‘Pravove rehuliuvannia ekspertnoi diialnosti ta tendentsii formuvannia yedynoho yevropeiskoho prostoru v haluzi sudovoi ekspertyzy’ v Aktualni pytannia sudovoi ekspertyzy i kryminalistyky. Zb. materialiv mizhnar. nauk.-prakt. konf.-polilohu (Pravo 2021) (in Ukrainian). 37. Shepitko V, ‘Pryroda, predmet ta tendentsii kryminalistyky v umovakh hlobalizatsii suchasnoho svitu’ v Kryminalnyi protses i kryminalistyka: vyklyky chasu: zb. statei za mater. Vseukr. nauk.-prakt. konf. Z nahody 20-richchia kafedry kryminalnoho protsesu i kryminalistyky LNU imeni Ivana Franka (LNU imeni Franka 2020) (in Ukrainian).
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