In this article, i focus primarily on modern, relevant modes of loss of citizenship; partly, they are enshrined in the European Convention on Citizenship (1997). Among existing citizenship termination modes, we enlist further: release or renunciation, loss or lapse, deprivation or withdrawal, either revocation, denaturalization, and cancellation or nullification of citizenship. Usually, citizenship termination modes depend on the exact mode (pathway) and time of citizenship acquisition, the number of simultaneously possessed citizenships (passports) of a person, and the place of permanent residence (in-country or abroad).

The article’s primary purpose is to justify the necessity for a clear distinction and delimitation of citizenship termination modes. Therefore, we should discuss and initiate suitable amendments to alter relevant national legislation regarding citizenship issues on citizenship termination modes, considering civilizational values, European standards, and political and legal challenges of today.

The concept of citizenship, citizenship acquisition, and termination modes at the beginning of 2023 is particularly fragile and relevant. The fact that some highly-ranked public officers possess dual (multiple) nationalities (if one of them corresponds to the country-aggressor) is not even a challenge but a threat to the national security of Ukraine. Such people who are public officers, work for law enforcement agencies, exercise stateauthority powers, and have access to state security, treasury, and secrets, create a dilemma regarding loyalty to Ukraine, specifically during the declared ‘state of emergency’ or another extraordinary regime. What legal algorithm is applied when a citizen is disloyal?

Another facet of this issue concerns the regulation of (in)voluntary change of citizenship resulting in latent dual (multiple) citizenships of persons who lived (live) in the annexed and (temporarily) occupied territory of Ukraine, starting from March 2014. Relevant national legislation regarding citizenship issues should focus on citizenship termination modes in such conditions. Alternative (in)voluntary citizenship acquisition modes (naturalization, option, or transfer) by persons who lived in the annexed and (temporarily) should result in the exact, proportionate, and justifiable pathway of its termination.

Bibliography

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Edited books

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4. Analitychna dopovid do shchorichnoho poslannia Prezydenta Ukrainy do Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy “Pro vnutrishnie ta zovnishnie stanovyshche Ukrainy v 2018 rotsi” (Natsionalnyi instytut stratehichnykh doslidzhen 2018) (in Ukrainian).

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Conference papers

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Research papers

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Dataset

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