Outcome instruments of the United Nations Climate Change Conference (Glasgow, 2021), the largest conference of the parties to date, shaped the respective international legal regime according to state-of-the-art vision. Though the principal goals of all instruments based on the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Changecurrent level of knowledge, available resources and chosen priorities. The article notes that the Glasgow Climate Pact highlighted the departure from the Kyoto Protocol approaches to efforts to fully operationalize the Paris Agreement provisions. It is claimed that framework convention is an optimal type of international agreement for the ever-evolving nature of climate change. Having flexibility, it allows to implement new mechanism and standards for the climate actions while not impeding the available accomplishments. The Paris Agreement and the Glasgow Climate Pact are considered as a new type of legal instruments because of their hybrid nature combining legal and political methods under the “umbrella” of international law. The paper provides an overview of the key areas of actions that all parties of the regime are expected to take in order to accelerate their efforts according to the Glasgow Climate Pact. Within this framework mitigation, adaptation, finance and collaboration are examined. The article points to corruption and Muscovite aggression against Ukraine as major challenges for global climate change actions. Growing adaptation and mitigation finance a priori possess a high corruption potential. The corrupt practices significantly reduce the ability to address this global challenge. It is presumed that the climate change international legal regime will interact with the international legal framework against corruption in order to respond to this challenge. State-sponsored acts of terrorism undermining world energy and food security, a component of Muscovite aggression against Ukraine, pose a major current threat for climate change combatting. To the moment, international law does not offer any mean of adequate counteraction.

Bibliography

Journal articles

1. Nepyivoda I, Nepyivoda V, ‘Koruptsiini ryzyky yak zavada dlia mizhnarodnopravovoho rezhymu zminy klimatu’ Visnyk Lvivskoho universytetu (2022) 74 Seriia yurydychna 130–138 (in Ukrainian). 2. Nepyivoda V, ‘Problemy vdoskonalennia ukrainskoi terminolohii u haluzi ekolohichnoho prava’ (2003) 11 Pravo Ukrainy 76–81 (in Ukrainian).

Newspaper articles

3. ‘COP26 closes with “compromise” deal on climate, but it’s not enough, says UN chief’ (UN News: Global perspective: Human stories. United Nations, 13.10.2021) <https:// news.un.org/en/story/2021/11/1105792> (accessed: 15.06.2023) (in English).

4. Carver Dominic, ‘Global net zero commitments’ (House of Commons Library, 12.11.2021) <https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/global-net-zero-commitments> (accessed: 15.06.2023) (in English).

5. Clinch Matt, ‘Soros says civilization may not survive Putin’s war in Ukraine, warns of global depression’ (CNBC International, 24.05.2022) <https://www.cnbc. com/2022/05/24/george-soros-says-civilization-may-not-survive-russias-invasion-ofukraine. html> (accessed: 15.06.2023) (in English).

6. Harvey Fiona, ‘COP27: Egyptian hosts urge leaders to set aside tensions over Ukraine’ (The Guardian, 28.09.2022) <https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/ sep/28/cop27-egypt-hosts-urge-leaders-set-aside-tensions-ukraine-climate> (accessed: 15.06.2023) (in English).

7. Sandercock Henry, ‘COP27 Egypt: what is the ratchet mechanism? Paris Climate Agreement concept explained ahead of COP26’ (NationalWorld, 27.10.2021) <https:// www.nationalworld.com/news/environment/what-is-the-ratchet-mechanismparisclimate-agreement-concept-explained-ahead-of-cop26-3434610#> (accessed: 15.06.2023) (in English).

Conference papers

 8. Nepyivoda I, ‘Protydiia koruptsii v konteksti globalnykh “klimatychnykh” dii’ Aspekty zberezhennia pryrodnykh ekosystem v suchasnykh umovakh pryrodookhoronnoho menedzhmentu: Materialy mizhnarodnoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii, prysviachenoi 20-i richnytsi NPP “Hutsulshchyna” (PP Pavliuk M.D. 2022) 137–42 (in Ukrainian).

Websites

9. Global warming of 1.5°C. An IPCC Special Report (IPCC, 2018) <https://www.ipcc.ch/ sr15> (accessed: 15.06.2023) (in English).

10. Pompeo M R, ‘On the U.S. Withdrawal from the Paris Agreement. Press Statement’ (U.S. Department of State, 04.10.2019) <https://2017-2021.state.gov/on-the-u-s-withdrawalfromthe-paris-agreement> (accessed: 15.06.2023) (in English).

11. Soros G, ‘Updating My Munich Predictions’ (Project Syndicate, 16.03.2023) <https:// www.georgesoros.com/2023/03/16/updating-my-munich-predictions> (accessed: 15.06.2023) (in English).