| Article title | Artificial Intelligence Through the Lens of European Union Law |
|---|---|
| Authors |
Tetiana Kolomoiets
Doctor of Law, Professor,
Corresponding Member of the National Academy of Laws of Ukraine,
Honored Lawyer of Ukraine,
Dean of the Faculty of Law of the Zaporizhia National University
(Zaporizhzhya, Ukraine)
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1101-8073
T_deputy@ukr.net
Valerii Kolpakov
Doctor of Law, Professor,
Head of the Department of Constitutional and Administrative Law
Zaporizhzhia National University
(Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine)
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8580-3261
Researcher ID: E-7091-2016
v.k.kolpakov@gmail.com
|
| Journal name | Legal journal «Law of Ukraine» (Ukrainian version) |
| Journal issue | 1 / 2026 |
| Pages | 263 - 276 |
| ISSN (print) | 1026-9932 |
| ISSN (online) | 2310-323X |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.33498/louu-2026-01-263 |
| Received | 14.02.2026 |
| Accepted | 23.03.2026 |
| Published | 01.04.2026 |
| Abstract | This article examines the legal status of artificial intelligence within the framework of European Union law, demonstrating that in the contemporary European legal order AI is no longer perceived as a neutral technological innovation but has become the subject of a dedicated regulatory regime that integrates requirements of the internal market, fundamental rights protection, digital security, transparency, and legal accountability. The article argues that EU law does not merely describe artificial intelligence as a segment of digital reality, but constructs a risk-based admissibility regime encompassing prohibited practices, high-risk systems, general-purpose AI models, transparency obligations regarding AI-generated content, human oversight requirements, and conformity assessment procedures. It is further shown that the European model operates not only within EU law in the strict sense, but also within a broader conventional space, where artificial intelligence is assessed against standards of privacy, non-discrimination, fair trial, effective remedy, and the rule of law. Particular attention is given to a comparative analysis of the European and American regulatory approaches, as well as to the implications of this regulatory architecture for Ukraine – primarily in the areas of legislative adaptation, academic integrity, law enforcement, and future judicial practice. The article concludes that EU law offers a new legal framework for understanding artificial intelligence, one in which innovation is recognized only insofar as it is compatible with human dignity, democracy, and legal certainty. |
| Keywords | EU Artificial Intelligence Act; generative artificial intelligence; European Union law; general-purpose AI models; content transparency; human rights; legal accountability; academic integrity; legislative adaptation of Ukraine; artificial intelligence. |
| References | Journal articles 1. Derkach V, Prokopovych-Tkachenko Ye, Rudenko Ye, ‘Vykorystannia shtuchnoho intelektu v sudovomu protsesi Ukrainy: pravovi, etychni ta protsesualni aspekty’ [2025] 3 Yurydychnyi naukovyi elektronnyi zhurnal 460–464. DOI: 10.32782/2524-0374/2025-3/109 (in Ukrainian). Conference papers 2. Kolpakov V, ‘Shtuchnyi intelekt i akademichna dobrochesnist za Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 (artificial intelligence act)’, Informatsiine pravo: suchasni vyklyky i napriamy rozvytku: V Mizhnarodna konferentsiia (2025) 102–106 (in Ukrainian). Websites 3. Commission publishes second draft of Code of Practice on Marking and Labelling of AIgenerated content (European Commission 05.03.2026) (accessed 15.02.2026). 4. Ethics guidelines for trustworthy AI. High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence. Brussels, 2019 (accessed 15.02.2026). 5. General-Purpose AI Models in the AI Act – Questions & Answers (European Commission 09.09.2025) (accessed 15.02.2026). 6. Implementation of the AI Act at European level (Bundesnetzagentur) (accessed 15.02.2026). 7. Navigating the AI Act (European Commission 28.01.2026) (accessed 15.02.2026). |
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