The paper addressed the issue of realization and protection of reproductive rights. In the study it was established the legal nature of the reproductive rights of an individual as a personal non-property rights of individual health. Studied legislative strengthening reproductive rights at the national level and regulatory settlement on the international level. We analyzed the point of view of scientists on the definition of the legal nature of reproductive rights. By the interpretation of the category of the embryo it is noted that it can be determined from two aspects: the object and the subjective. Determined the position of the European Court of Human Rights, which, considering the case on violation of reproductive rights, avoids any interpretation of reproductive rights and warning suited to the interpretation of the content of the right to life, giving priority to its legal definition of national legislation.